Lung and Trachea
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The lungs and trachea are a vital duo in your respiratory system, working together to bring oxygen into your body and expel carbon dioxide.
When you inhale, air enters through your nose or mouth, travels down the pharynx (throat), and passes through the larynx. The epiglottis in your larynx closes briefly to prevent food or drink from entering your airways. Air then goes through the trachea, which splits into the left and right bronchi, delivering air to each lung. In the lungs, gas exchange occurs, and the cycle continues with exhalation.
Each lung is divided into lobes (three in the right, two in the left) with a network of branching airways (bronchi and bronchioles) leading to the alveoli. The lungs are covered by a pleura, a double-layered membrane that helps them inflate and deflate smoothly.
The rigid cartilage rings prevent the trachea from collapsing and ensure a clear passage for air. The inner lining traps dust, allergens, and other particles with its mucus, which is then swept upwards by tiny hairs (cilia) lining the trachea and swallowed. This filtering system protects your lungs from harmful invaders.
Some of The Procedures For Treatment
Lung & Trachea Surgeries:
- Pneumonectomy: Complete removal of a lung, typically for advanced lung cancer or severe scarring.
- Wedge resection: Removal of a smaller wedge-shaped section of lung tissue for tumors or other localized problems.
- Tracheal resection: Removal of a damaged section of the trachea, usually followed by reconstruction with a graft or stent. This might be necessary for tumors, trauma, or severe narrowing.
- Endoscopic surgery: Minimally invasive procedures using a thin, lighted scope inserted through the mouth or nose to remove polyps, foreign objects, or perform biopsies within the trachea.
- Lung transplant: Replacement of a diseased lung (or both lungs) with a donor organ for severe end-stage lung disease.
- Tracheostomy: Creation of an opening in the trachea through the neck to establish a direct airway. This might be needed for prolonged ventilation, airway blockage, or severe upper airway weakness.